Bidirectional amplifier

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A bidirectional optical amplifier amplifies optical signals having signal wavelength and signal power input from two directions. The amplifier is arranged so that two counter-propagating signals pass through a first pumped rare earth doped pre-amplifier before passing through other amplifiers downstream. Optical circulators route the two counter propagating signals so that they both pass through in a counter-propagating manner through subsequent pumped rare earth doped amplifiers downstream.