Recovery of heavy rare earth element

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An object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering a heavy rare earth element from a workpiece containing at least a heavy rare earth element and an iron group element, which can be put into practical use as a low-cost, simple recycling system. The method for recovering a heavy rare earth element from a workpiece containing at least a heavy rare earth element and an iron group element of the present invention as a means for resolution is characterized by including at least the following step : a workpiece is subjected to an oxidation treatment or mixed with an oxidation-treated R-Fe-B based magnet alloy, and then subjected to a heat treatment in the presence of carbon at a temperature of 1000°C or more, thereby separating a heavy rare earth element in the form of an oxide from an iron group element.