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A high temperature-, stain- and slagging-resistant ceramic coating and a preparation method and use thereof. The ceramic coating comprises the following components by mass percentage : 15-30 percent of a filler, 40-65 percent of an adhesive agent and the balance being water, wherein the filler comprises 3-5 percent of zirconia, 3-5 percent of silicon carbide, 3-5 percent of silicon nitride, 1-3 percent of titanium dioxide, 2-4 percent of kaolin and 3-8 percent of a rare earth oxide. The preparation method thereof comprises the steps of mixing the adhesive agent with water to prepare an adhesive agent liquid, then adding the filler refined to a particle size up to 50-900 nm to the adhesive agent liquid, and then adding an auxiliary, uniformly mixing, filtering and packaging. The coating can be applied on the external surfaces of a boiler tube and a heater tube to form a ceramic coating so as to prepare a boiler tube and a heater tube having high performance.