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A fuel cell includes a solid electrolyte layer (9) containing Zr; an intermediate layer (4) containing CeO 2 solid solution having a rare-earth element excluding Ce; an air electrode layer (1) containing Sr, the intermediate layer (4) and the air electrode layer (1) being stacked in this order on one surface of the solid electrolyte layer (9); and a fuel electrode layer (7) on another surface of the solid electrolyte layer (9) which is opposite to the one surface. A value obtained by dividing a content of the rare-earth element excluding Ce by a content of Zr is equal to or less than 0.05 at a site of the solid electrolyte layer (9), the site being 1 µm away from an interface between the solid electrolyte layer (9) and the intermediate layer (4). Accordingly, it is possible to improve power generation performance at a low temperature. By using the fuel cell, it is possible to obtain a cell stack, a fuel cell module, and a fuel cell device, which have improved power generation performance at a low temperature.