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Provided is a polymerization catalyst composition which enables efficient synthesis of a polyisoprene having a high molecular weight under industrial conditions without accompanying excessive gelation. A polymerization catalyst composition which is characterized by containing : a rare earth element compound represented by general formula (i) (component (A)) M-(NQ1)(NQ2)(NQ3) (i) (wherein M represents at least one element selected from among lanthanoids, scandium and yttrium; and NQ1, NQ2 and NQ3 respectively represent amide groups which may be the same as or different from each other but have an M-N bond); at least one compound selected from among ionic compounds and halogen compounds (component (B)); and a compound represented by general formula (X) (component (C)) YR1aR2bR3c (X) (wherein Y represents a metal that is selected from among group 1, group 2, group 12 and group 13 elements of the periodic table; each of R1 and R2 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1-10 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, R3 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1-10 carbon atoms, and R1, R2 and R3 may be the same as or different from each other; in cases where Y is a metal that is selected from among group 1 elements of the periodic table, a is 1 and b and c are 0; in cases where Y is a metal that is selected from among group 2 and group 12 elements of the periodic table, a and b are 1 and c is 0; and in cases where Y is a metal that is selected from among group 13 elements of the periodic table, a, b and c are 1).