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Provided are : a negative electrode active material which is to be used in a lithium-ion secondary battery, and capable of exhibiting excellent charging/discharging capacity and cycling properties, and also capable of obtaining excellent rate properties, when used in a lithium-ion secondary battery; a negative electrode; and a lithium-ion secondary battery using the negative electrode active material and the negative electrode. This negative electrode active material contains particles having a crystal phase represented by RAx (R is at least one type of rare-earth element selected from a group of rare-earth elements including Sc and Y, and excluding La; A is Si and/or Ge; x is 1.0≤x≦2.0), and a crystal phase comprising A, and is consequently useful as a negative electrode material for a lithium-ion secondary battery.