NON-RARE EARTH MAGNETS HAVING MANGANESE (MN) AND BISMUTH (BI) ALLOYED WITH COBALT (CO)

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Permanent and soft magnets that do not depend on rare-earth elements have suitable magnetic properties for electric motor and generator applications. Both saturation magnetization and magneto-crystalline anisotropy of a manganese-bismuth (Mn-Bi) permanent (hard) magnet are increased by alloying the Mn-Bi magnet with cobalt (Co) or cobalt-iron (Co-Fe). Such magnets do not include rare-earth and precious metals (e.g., platinum), which are expensive and often limited in supply, but offer high magneto-crystalline anisotropy and magnetization. Therefore, a relatively high maximum energy product (BH)max is achieved.