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In a low-temperature, a silicon nitride film having a low in-film chlorine (Cl) content and a high resistance to hydrogen fluoride (HF) is formed. The formation of the silicon nitride film includes (a) supplying a monochlorosilane (SiH3Cl or MCS) gas to a substrate disposed in a processing chamber, (b) supplying a plasma-excited hydrogen-containing gas to the substrate disposed in the processing chamber, (c) supplying a plasma-excited or heat-excited nitrogen-containing gas to the substrate disposed in the processing chamber, (d) supplying at least one of a plasma-excited nitrogen gas and a plasma-excited rare gas to the substrate disposed in the processing chamber, and (e) performing a cycle including the steps (a) through (d) a predetermined number of times to form a silicon nitride film on the substrate.