Methods and devices for enhancing contaminant removal by rare earths

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(57) Abstract : Embodiments are provided for removing a variety of contaminants I Jr using both rare earth and non-rare earth-containing treatment elements. In one era0 bodiment, the downstream treatment element is the rare earth-containing treatment FEED STREAM element, the upstream treatment element is the non-rare earth-containing treatment element, the interferer comprises one or more of the following : PO4(3-), C03(2-), Si03(2-), bicarbonate, vanadate, and a halogen, and the target material is one or l more of a chemical agent, a colorant, a dyo intermediate, a biological material, an organic carbon, a microbe, an oxyanion, and mixtures thereof. In another embodio4 ment, the downstream treatment element is the non-rare earth-containing treatment element, the upstream treatment element is the rare earthcontaining treatment eleNON-RAREEARTH-CONTAINING TREATMENT ment, and the interferer and target material are each one or more of a chemical ELEMENT agent, a colorant, a dye intermediate, a biological material, an organic carbon, a microbe, an oxyanion, a halogen, a halide compound, and mixtures thereof. I, o RARE EARTH-CONTAINING TREATMENT ELEMENT 1/ -8 TREATED STREAM t 12 II Ill SM, ST, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, IS, IT, LT, LU, SE, SI, SM, TR), OAPI (BF, B J, CF, CG, CM, GA, (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG). kind of regional protection available) : ARIPO (BW, GH, GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, Published : ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ, __ with international search report (Art. 21(3)) TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK