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A fuel element for a nuclear reactor comprises a modified nitride uranium or modified nitride plutonium fuel and additives that enhance properties of the modified nitride uranium or modified nitride plutonium fuel. In various embodiments nitride additives enhance compactness, longlife, proliferation resistance, fuel safety, and waste management of the fuel element. In various embodiments the additives comprise at least one of zirconium nitride, thorium nitride, hafnium nitride, titanium nitride, or rare earth nitrides.