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A method for preparing a europium oxide-doped iron-containing silicon-carbon-nitrogen precursor ceramic, comprising steps of : mixing the raw materials polysilazane, α-methacrylic acid, and dicumyl peroxide; crosslinking and curing; pulverization and ball milling, followed by addition of iron oxide and europium oxide for blending; granulation, molding and sintering. The europium oxide-doped SiCN(Fe) precursor ceramic prepared using a precursor conversion method has good molding properties and high strength. In addition to the introduction of nano-iron oxide into the SiCN precursor ceramic, europium oxide is further doped to exploit the special electronic structure and electromagnetic properties of europium as a rare earth element, significantly improving microwave absorption properties of the SiCN ceramic and increasing electromagnetic loss.