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The present invention relates to a method for preparing a functionalized diene elastomer, in particular a functionalized polybutadiene with a high proportion of cis -1, 4 having both a high Mooney viscosity and a low polydispersity index. The method according to the invention comprises the reaction of a catalyst system with at least one conjugated diene monomer polymerizing then adding a functionalizing agent to the polymer thus obtained, the catalyst system comprising : -optionally a conjugated diene preforming, -a salt of one or more earth metals (s) rare (s), -an inert hydrocarbon solvent, -an alkylating agent and-a halogen donor excluding the alkylaluminum sesquihalides. said reaction being carried out at a temperature of polymerization equal to or less than 30° C, preferably between 0° and 25 °C C.