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Disclosed is a highly reliable barium titanate-based semiconductor ceramic composition containing no Pb and having a high Curie point. The barium titanate-based semiconductor ceramic composition changes little over time. Also disclosed is a PTC thermistor. The barium titanate-based semiconductor ceramic composition is represented by the following composition formula : (Ba1-x-y-zSry(A1Bi)xA2z)TiO3, wherein A1 represents an alkali metal element, A2 represents a rare earth element, and x, y and z satisfy 0.03 ≤ x ≤ 0.20, 0.02 ≤ y ≤ 0.20, 0.0005 ≤ z ≤ 0.015 and x - 0.10 ≤ y ≤ (5/4)·x. It is preferable that not less than 0.01 part by mole but not more than 0.20 part by mole of Mn is added to the composition per 100 parts by mole of Ti.