Vertical axis wind turbine with direct-drive coupling between shaft and generator

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A wind turbine (10) comprising a generator, a substantially vertical shaft directly mounted to the generator for rotating the generator, and a lightweight vane (20). The vane (20) is attached to the shaft to provide a twisted self starting rotor unit. The weight to surface ratio of a vane decreases with increasing distance from shaft. A control apparatus is provided for controlling the speed of rotation of the generator. A rectifier controls the loading of the generator. The turbine is modular and suited for roof top installation. Additional claim for a permanent magnet synchronous generator (26), a magnet contains rare earth metal neodymium. Magnets are placed on the rotor side. Additional claims for a power generation system, a control apparatus and methods for controlling a wind turbine and a generator. Is suited for a local electricity grid, may use a local energy storage connected to the grid.