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The alpha-sialon material has a sialon phase containing magnesium and yttrium, rare earth metal and/or calcium. A novel alpha -SiAlON material has a sialon phase of composition (MgyR(1-y))xSi(12-m-n)Al(m+n)OnN(16-n), where R = one or more of Y, rare earth metals (e.g. La, Ce, Pr, Nd and Lu) and Ca. An Independent claim is also included for production of the above alpha -SiAlON material by subjecting silicon nitride material to sintering, gas pressure sintering, hot pressing and/or hot isostatic pressing.