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A color filter layer formed on a display element used for a flexible display. The color filter layer is an oxide thin film in which at least one rare-earth oxide containing at least one rare-earth element that selectively absorbs visible light and at least one ordinary oxide are mixed and fired. A refractive index of the color filter layer ranges from that of a front substrate to that of each transparent electrode. Thus, the color filter layer has a good filter function in a visible light region, and thus provides high optical transmittance. Further, the color filter layer prevents penetration of external gas or moisture and diffusion of ions.