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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED : To provide a method for treating an organic compound, capable of keeping high conversion ratio to fuel gas over a long period. SOLUTION : This method for treating an organic compound comprises a decomposition treatment step for introducing a material to be treated containing the organic compound and water into a container for carrying out decomposition treatment, pressurizing and heating the material to be treated at >=130 deg.C and =374 deg.C and under >=22.1 MPa pressure and carrying out decomposition treatment of the material to be treated by using a catalyst to produce a gas mainly containing methane, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The catalyst comprises a supporting active substance containing at least one kind of substance selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, nickel and compound thereof and an additive containing at least one kind substance selected from an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal and a compound thereof.