All-optical variable optical attenuator

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Disclosed is an all-optical variable optical attenuator. The all-optical variable optical attenuator includes a nonlinear optical fiber where a pair of long-period gratings is formed in a pre-determined pattern. Alternatively, the variable optical attenuator may include a pair of optical fibers where a long-period grating is formed in each optical fiber in a pre-determined pattern to form a pair of long-period gratings on the whole, and a nonlinear optical fiber fusion-spliced between one ends of the respective optical fibers. The core layer of the nonlinear optical fiber contains semiconductor particles having a size of nanometers, a metallic particle having a size of nanometers, or a rare-earth element.