Thulium doped fiber configuration for enhanced high power operation

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An optical fiber amplifier includes a laser pump source for generating laser pump light; a fiber including an inner cladding layer optically coupled to a laser pump source for receiving laser pump light; a large mode area (LMA) core surrounded by the inner cladding, the LMA core including a confined region having a predetermined doping concentration of rare-earth ions for undergoing excitation to generate laser light when pumped by the laser pump light; and an outer cladding layer surrounding the inner cladding layer for substantially confining the laser pump light to the inner cladding and the LMA core. In a method of forming the optical fiber amplifier, a ratio of an area of the confined region to an area of the LMA core, and the predetermined doping concentration of the rare earth ions are selected so as to achieve a quantum efficiency (QE) gain factor of approximately 2, but such that the heat dissipation per unit length can be controlled by adjusting the area of the confined region.