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Preparation of water-free rare earth metal halogenide comprises reacting a rare earth metal oxide with a halogenating agent in an aprotic, polar solvent. Preparation of water-free rare earth metal halogenide of formula REHal 3comprises reacting a rare earth metal oxide of formula RE 2O 3with a halogenating agent of formula MHalX 1>X 2>X 3>in an aprotic, polar solvent. RE : Sc, Y, La, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb or Lu; M : Si, Ge, Sn, Ti, Zr or Hf; Hal : Cl, Br or I; X 1>-X 2>Cl, Br, I, H or alkoxide of formula -ORa; and Ra : 1-20C organo residue, 1-20C alkyl or 6-20C aryl (where alkyl or aryl is substituted with halosubstituents of F, Cl, Br or I). An independent claim is also included for a synthesis mixture Sm 2O 3by reacting the rare earth metal oxide with the halogenating agent in a polar, Re 2O 3aprotic solvent according to the above method.