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The invention provides an up-conversion optical fiber laser apparatus with an external resonator structure. In the invention, a laser element outputs light of a first wavelength to excite an up-conversion optical fiber doped with rare earth ions used for converting the first wavelength light into a second wavelength light. An output mirror is disposed at an output end of the optical fiber, and cooperates with a high reflective layer of the laser element to operate as a resonator for the first wavelength light. An input mirror is disposed at an input end of the optical fiber and cooperates with the output mirror to operate as a resonator for the second wavelength. A polarization mode controller converts light incident from the optical fiber into light of eigen-polarization wave for the laser element and outputs the converted light to the laser element. Further, a beam transformer converts light incident from the polarization mode controller into a shape required by the optical fiber and outputs the transformed light to the optical fiber, and vice versa.