Composite oxide having n-type thermoelectric characteristic

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A composite oxide having a negative Seebeck coefficient at 100{C or higher, which composite oxide has a composition represented by the general formula : Ln1-xMxNiOy(wherein Ln is a lanthanide element; M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of non-Ln rare earth elements, Na, K, Li, Zn, Pb, Ba, Ca, Al and Bi; and x and y are such that 0 & x & 0.8 and 2.7 & y & 3.3), or the general formula (Ln1-xMx)2NiOy (wherein Ln is a lanthanide element; M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of non-Ln rare earth elements, Na, K, Li, Zn, Pb, Ba, Ca, Al and Bi; and x and y are such that 0 & x & 0.8 and 3.6 & y & 4.4). This composite oxide is one having a negative Seebeck coefficient and a low electrical resistivity and excelling in heat resistance and chemical durability. This composite oxide can be effectively used as an n-type thermoelectric conversion material exposed to high-temperature air.