The permanent magnets, a motor, a generator, and vehicle

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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED : To provide a permanent magnet which allows a Sm-Co based magnet having a composition of high iron concentration to develop large coercive force.SOLUTION : A permanent magnet includes R (where R represents at least one kind of an element selected from rare earth elements), Fe, Zr, Cu, and Co. The permanent magnet comprises : a main phase having a ThZntype crystal phase; and a grain boundary phase located at a crystal grain boundary of the main phase, and having a crystal phase with Zr concentration of 4 atom% or more and 35 atom% or less. In the permanent magnet, thickness of the grain boundary phase is in a range of 20 nm or more and 500 nm or less.SELECTED DRAWING : Figure 1