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Various embodiments relate to separation of terbium(III, IV) oxide. In various embodiments, present invention provides a method of separating terbium(III, IV) oxide from a composition. The method can include contacting a composition including terbium(III, IV) oxide and one or more other trivalent rare earth oxides with a liquid including acetic acid to form a mixture. The contacting can be effective to dissolve at least some of the one or more other trivalent rare earth oxides into the liquid. The method can include separating undissolved terbium(III, IV) oxide from the mixture, to provide separated terbium(III, IV) oxide.