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The invention relates to an a- and ß-SiAlON composite material, comprising an a-SiAION, a ß-SiAION, and an intergranular amorphous and/or crystalline phase. The a-SiAION phase is produced from a multi-cation mixture, comprising the element calcium, at least one element selected from yttrium and/or rare earths having an atomic number equal to or greater than 62, and at least one rare earth element having an atomic number equal to or greater than 62, to which hard materials are admixed to improve hardness.