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Disclosed herein is a method of stabilizing alpha-sialon phosphor, including the steps of : mixing raw powder including Si3N4, AlN, a rare-earth metal oxide and calcium nitride (Ca3N2) as a calcium source; heat-treating the raw powder to convert the calcium source into Ca—Al—Si—N based compound comprising CaAlSiN3 or CaAl2Si4N8; and sintering the heat-treated raw powder thereby forming alpha-sialon phosphor. This method is advantageous in that a reliable alpha-sialon phosphor having high photoluminescence intensity can be manufactured regardless of weather, season, environment and the like.