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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED : To provide a method for separating a rare earth element from an iron group element and boron, and collecting the rare earth element, from a processing target containing at least the rare earth element, iron group element and boron, capable of being executed with a less energy consumption amount. SOLUTION : After a processing target is subjected to oxidation processing, a processing environment is shifted to an environment in which carbon is present, then first heat processing is performed at temperature of 1250°C-1375°C, then temperature is further raised and second heat processing is performed at temperature higher than 1350°C, in the method for collecting a rare earth element. SELECTED DRAWING : Figure 1 COPYRIGHT : (C)2017, JPO&INPIT