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Provided are a fluorination catalyst for preparing 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene and a method using the catalyst for preparing 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene. The catalyst has the following structural formula : Crx(Y, Z) 0.005-o.5 O 0.1-1.0 F 1.0-3.0 , where Y is one or a combination of two or more among Al, Zn, and Mg, and where Z is a rare earth element having an oxygen-storing/releasing function. The catalyst has in preparing 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene the advantages of increased raw material conversion rate, great product selectivity, and extended catalyst service life.