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A planar waveguide amplifier (1) comprises a planar waveguide (7) having a flat core (71), a first clad (72) provided on the first main surface of the core (71), and a second clad (72) provided on the second main surface of the core (71), wherein signal light (A) and excitation light (B) are incident on the planar waveguide (7) so that the optical paths thereof overlap and the lights propagate in a zigzag manner inside the core (71), and the core (71) is an amplification medium including a rare earth element serving as an active ion of a tri-level system and absorbs the signal light (A) in response to a decrease in intensity of the excitation light (B).