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To improve oxidation and corrosion resistance of stainless steel, it is not necessary to apply suspensions containing nanoparticles of rare earth metal oxides. Rare earth metal nitrates or acetates in aqueous solution improve the oxidation and corrosion resistance of stainless steels when applied to the surface of the steels. Further oxidation and corrosion resistance can be provided by the addition of chromium or aluminum acetate, nitrate, or sulfate to the rare earth metal nitrate or acetate aqueous solutions before application to the steel.