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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED : To suppress production of silicide as far as possible during high temperature heating after casting and to improve creep resistance after aging, in Nb-containing austenitic heat resistant steel. SOLUTION : The Nb-containing austenitic heat resistant steel comprises, by mass%, 0.3-0.7% C, ≤2.5% Si, ≤2.5% Mn, 23-40% Cr, 23-50% Ni, 0.1-1.5% Nb, 0.06-0.4% rare earth element mainly containing Ce, La and Nd, and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities, and the value of a parameter P represented by formula : P=28.2×C+4.06×Si+0.49×Cr+0.28×Ni+6.21×Nb-48.3×(Ce+La+Nd) lies in the range of 30-43. COPYRIGHT : (C)2011, JPO&INPIT