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A liquid injection process for in-situ leaching and extracting an ion-adsorption type rare earth including : setting up a liquid injection network having liquid injection shallow wells and liquid injection deep wells, inputting a leaching agent into the injection shallow wells, then inputting the leaching agent into the deep wells, and finally inputting a pushing water into all of the wells. This process is characterized by a high rare earth mineral-leaching rate, a high mother liquid concentration, a small residue of the mother liquid of the ore earth, a small unit consumption of the leaching agent, simple operation, wide application, and outstanding environmental protection effect. Additionally, the process also can cancel any blind area in mineral leaching, increase stability of side slope in the liquid injection process, and control a flow direction, a flow rate of the leaching agent, and a liquid injection intensity.