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Provided are favorable critical current properties while inhibiting increase in the number of types of raw materials. Also provided are favorable critical current properties with a single layer. A superconducting layer containing a plurality of RE-based superconductor units including a rare earth element, CuO chains, and CuO2 planes; among the CuO chains, CuO chains that are present in the RE-based superconductor units in the vicinity of an interface between the superconducting layer and a layer adjacent to the base material side of the superconducting layer, and that are from 1.2 to 2 times longer in a layering direction than a length of the CuO chains determined according to a lattice constant of the RE-based superconductor units; and an edge dislocation that is present adjacent to the long CuO chain with respect to the layering direction are included. Alternatively, the RE-based superconductor includes CuO2 planes, CuO single chains and CuO double chains, and further includes a heterologous chain portion in which a CuO single chain and a CuO double chain are adjacent, and a homologous chain portion in which the CuO single chains are adjacent to each other or the CuO double chains are adjacent to each other.