D-SHAPED WAVEGUIDE AND OPTICAL COUPLER USING THE WAVEGUIDE

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A large diameter D-shaped optical waveguide device (9), includes an optional circular waveguide portion (11) and a D-shaped waveguide portion (10) having at least one core (12) surrounded by a cladding (14). A portion of the waveguide device (9) has a generally D-shaped cross-section and has transverse waveguide dimension (d2) greater than about 0.3 mm. At least one Bragg grating (16) may be impressed in the waveguide (10) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one core may be used. The device (9) provides a sturdy waveguide platform for coupling ligth into and out of waveguides and for attachment and alignment to other waveguides, for single and multi-core applications. The core and/or cladding (12, 14) may be doped with a rare-earth dopant and/or may be photosensitive. At least a portion of the core (12) may be doped between a pair of gratings (50, 52) to form a fiber laser or the grating (16) or may be constructed as a tunable DFB fiber laser or an interactive fiber laser within the waveguide (10). The waveguide may resemble a short "block" or a longer "cane" type, depending on the application and dimensions used.