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The present invention relates generally to a method for processing carbon dioxide gas (“CO2”). The method includes introducing a solution which includes a cation and a hydroxide and/or oxide to the CO2 to form a cation-containing carbonate salt; reacting the cation-containing carbonate salt with an acidic solution including a rare earth element to form a substantially solid, ionic rare earth element-containing carbonate salt material, the rare earth, cation-containing carbonate being substantially stable in the acidic solution such as to resist substantial formation of compounds selected from the group consisting of oxide, hydroxide and mixtures thereof; separating the rare earth element-containing carbonate salt material from the acidic solution; and reducing the rare earth element-containing carbonate salt material to a carbon-containing compound selected from the group consisting of carbon monoxide gas, elemental carbon and mixtures thereof.