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A high-pressure discharge lamp is characterized by including a translucent airtight container having a discharging space in an internal portion, electrode means for causing discharge in the discharging space of the translucent airtight container, and an ionization medium sealed in the translucent airtight container and containing a metal halide and rare gas, the metal halide including at least one type of halides of thulium and holmium whose sealing ratio with respect to the total amount of sealed metal halides is not lower than 30 mass % and the rare gas is xenon at not lower than 3 atm at 25°C, and the high-pressure discharge lamp is characterized in that mercury and a metal halide for formation of lamp voltage are not substantially contained in the translucent airtight container.