Patterned perpendicular magnetic recording medium and magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus

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It is made possible to provide a patterned perpendicular magnetic recording medium that has smaller write magnetic field and the variation of magnetic characteristics in the bit regions, generates fewer reversed magnetic domains in the position control information regions of the head, and has excellent thermal stability. A patterned perpendicular magnetic recording medium includes : a nonmagnetic substrate; a soft magnetic base layer formed on the nonmagnetic substrate; a nonmagnetic intermediate layer formed on the soft magnetic base layer; and a perpendicular magnetic recording layer formed on the nonmagnetic intermediate layer, and including a stacked structure of a CoPt-based crystalline film having a Pt content in the range of 5 atomic percent to 35 atomic percent and a rare-earth and transition metal alloy amorphous film formed on the CoPt-based crystalline film. The CoPt-based crystalline film and the rare-earth and transition metal alloy amorphous film are exchange-coupled.