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A catalyst for exhaust gas purification which is less apt to decrease in activity even when used in a high-temperature atmosphere containing oxygen in a high concentration. The catalyst includes a catalyst layer which comprises oxide particles, the simple oxide of an alkaline earth element or rare earth element, and alumina and/or aluminum hydroxide. The oxide particles comprise the oxide of a rare earth element and/or zirconium, a composite oxide, and a noble metal. The composite oxide contains an alkaline earth element and at least one of rare earth elements and zirconium. The composite oxide and part of the noble metal are in the form of a solid solution.