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Novel oxide catalysts for production of unsaturated acids and unsaturated nitriles that exhibit high reaction performance, being capable of stably maintaining high yield for a prolonged period of time; a method of preparing them; and a process for producing unsaturated acids and unsaturated nitriles therewith. There are provided oxide catalysts of the composition formula (1) : Mo1VaSbbNbcMndW eYfOn (1) wherein Y is at least one element selected from among alkaline earth metals and rare earth metals, and each of a, b, c, d, e, f and n is the atomic ratio per mol. atom, provided that 0.1© KIPO & WIPO 2009