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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED : To provide a method for producing a cerium-based polish even if it contains no F, having high polishing rate and good at polishing accuracy, and to provide a cerium-based polish. SOLUTION : This method for producing a cerium-based polish comprises mixing a cerium-based rare earth carbonate and/or a cerium-based rare earth oxide with an alkali metal salt and/or an alkaline earth metal salt and baking the resultant, and the cerium-based polish thus obtained contains an alkali metal and/or an alkaline earth metal and <=0.5 wt.% F.