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PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED : To provide austenitic stainless steel suitable for a petroleum fuel reforming apparatus which is operated in a severe atmosphere of a high- temperature steam, and of a cycled temperature change over a wide range of a temperature. SOLUTION : The austenitic stainless steel contains, by mass%, 15-25% Cr, 7-15% Ni, 0.02-0.1% C, 1-4% Si, 2% or less Mn, and 0.008% or less S, further contains one or more of 0.05-0.20% N, 1.0-3.0% Mo, and 0.05-0.50% Nb, and contains one or more of 0.001-0.1% Y, 0.001-0.1% REM (rare earth elements), and 0.001-0.1% Ca, as needed, and 30% or more Cr2O3in an oxide film at an early stage of heating. COPYRIGHT : (C)2003, JPO