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A process for treating an alumina monohydrate-based bauxite by high temperature caustic digestion includes the steps of introducing alumina trihydrate into the digested slurry at a temperature of less than 200° C., in order to obtain an aluminate liquor at atmospheric pressure having an alumina/caustic weight ratio between 1.20 and 1.30, and diluting the resultant aluminate liquor to result in a caustic concentration between 160 and 175 g Na2O/liter. After settling and filtration, the resulting supersaturated liquor undergoes a further dilution before or during a crystallization step. The alumina trihydrate product is filtered from the spent liquor, which is concentrated and recycled.