A detection system for substance binding using up-converting fluorescent probes

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A detection system for the detection of a plurality of substances comprising a plurality of detection probes each having an up-conversion fluorescing core of dimensions of less than 200 nm linked to an affinity moiety bonding one of the plurality of substances. The fluorescing core may have a silica shell and be made from a doped yttrium fluoride or another rare earth element. Other bonding moieties may be attached and be attached to a surface or bead. Methods of detecting substances are also claimed. The method may require a photodetector having an acoustic optical transfer filter.