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Process for the dehydrogenation of a charge comprising saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons comprising essentially from 3 to 5 carbon atoms per molecule, in which the charge, heated beforehand to the reaction temperature, is introduced without premixing with the hydrogen at the inlet of at least one reactor in which the dehydrogenation reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst preferably comprising a support comprising at least one oxide of an element chosen from Groups IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA and IVB of the Periodic Classification of the Elements, at least one noble metal of the platinum family, at least one promoter metal and at least one alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal element.