SMOKE-PRODUCING WITH CYANOGEN AND METHODS OF FUMIGATION THAT USE CYANOGEN.

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PCT No. PCT/AU95/00409 Sec. 371 Date Mar. 20, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Mar. 20, 1997 PCT Filed Jul. 5, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/01051 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 18, 1996A fumigant, comprising cyanogen (C2N2) provides a viable alternative to conventional fumigants such as methyl bromide, phosphine and carbonyl sulphide. Cyanogen (C2N2) can be used as such a fumigant in the control of a range of biota, including insects, mites, nematodes, fungi and their spores, viruses, spiders, bacteria, molds and rodents. It is also suitable for use on a variety of commodities, including grain, seeds, meats, fruit, vegetables, timber, plants, cut flowers and soil. It is shown that an efficacious concentration of cyanogen (C2N2) as a fumigant leaves a very low residue and can be readily flushed from commodities. In particular, it has been observed that a mixture of (C2N2) and carbon dioxide have a synergistic effect when applied to various biota. The term "cyanogen" is defined as the gas (as STP) cyanogen, (C2N2), essentially free from hydrogen cyanide and other cyanogenic compounds, (that is, compounds that give rise to hydrogen cyanide). Cyanogen, which has also been termed dicyan and oxalonitrile, as a fumigant, may be shown as (CN2)2, C2N2, or NC-CN.