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The invention concerns a method for obtaining a 1, 3-butadiene homopolymer which consists in reacting a catalytic system in the presence of 1, 3-butadiene and one or more mono- olefin(s) of 4 carbon atoms. The invention is characterized in that said catalytic system is based on at least : one conjugate diene monomer, one salt of one or more rare earth metals of an organic phosphoric acid, said salt being suspended in at least a saturated, inert hydrocarbon solvent of the aliphatic or alicyclic type, an alkylating agent consisting of alkylaluminium of formula AlR3 or HalR2, wherein R is an alkyl group, and a halogen donor consisting of alkylaluminium halide.
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