PERMANENT MAGNET, AND MOTOR AND GENERATOR USING THE SAME

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A permanent magnet of the embodiment includes : a composition represented by a composition formula : R(FepMqCurCtCo1-p-q-r-t)z (R is at least one element selected from rare-earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr and Hf, 0.27≦p≦0.45, 0.01≦q≦0.05, 0.01≦r≦0.1, 0.002≦t≦0.03, and 6≦z≦9); and a metallic structure including a main phase containing a Th2Zn17 crystal phase, and a sub phase of the element M having an element M concentration of 30 atomic % or more. The sub phase of the element M precipitates in the metallic structure. A ratio of a circumferential length to a precipitated area of the sub phase of the element M is 1 or more and 10 or less.