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An apparatus for separating and recovering multiple kinds of rare earth elements, the apparatus being provided with : a first heating furnace for chlorinating a rare earth feedstock containing multiple kinds of rare earth elements; a second heating furnace for heating the chlorinated rare earth feedstock in an oxygen atmosphere; and a solid-liquid separation unit for mixing the rare earth feedstock, which has been heated in the oxygen atmosphere, with a solvent and separating the multiple kinds of rare earth elements from each other by solid-liquid separation. The first heating furnace and the second heating furnace are provided with atmosphere-exchanging devices at the inlets and outlets for the rare earth feedstock.