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Rare earth metal complexes (I), are new. Rare earth metal complexes of formula (I) are new. Z1 : (-X-L-Si(OR3a)) 3; X : O or NR4; R4 : H, 1-4C alkyl or -(CH 2) x-Si(OR1a) 3; x : 1-6; R1a : 1-4C alkyl; L : saturated 1-6C hydrocarbyl (optionally substituted); R3a : 1-4C alkyl; R1 : H, 1-4C alkyl containing one or more heteroatoms, 3-7C cycloalkyl containing one or more heteroatoms or hetero(aryl) (all optionally substituted); and L1 : rare earth complexed with an oxidation state of 3. An independent claim is included for a material formed of a substrate, functionalized on the surface by covalent grafting of (I), where the covalent grafting is formed according to siliconoxy (Si-O) bond via silicon atom present in Si(OR3a) 3of Z1 substituents. [Image].