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A hydrogen-containing transition metal oxide, having a structural formula of ABOxHy. A is one or more elements in alkaline earth metals and rare earth metals, B is one or more elements in transition metals, x is in the range of 1-3, and y is in the range of 0-2.5. Also provided are a primary cell employing the hydrogen-containing transition metal oxide as an electrode, and manufacturing method of the hydrogen-containing transition metal oxide. By incorporating a method of controlling hydrogenation and oxidization by means of an electric field, the hydrogen-containing transition metal oxide of the present invention enables controllable changes of three different structural phases in the electric field, and realizes various regulation and control of states and properties of matter.